Lattice Semiconductor
Table 2. Signal De?nitions of CSIX Level 1 Core (Continued)
CSIX Level 1 IP Core User’s Guide
Signal Name 1
Direction
Width (Bits)
Description
Register Interface (These signals are buried inside the FPGA – do not replicate)
us_clk
us_addr[17:0]
us_wdata[7:0]
us_rdata[31:0]
Input
Input
Input
Output
1
18
8
32
Clock (50MHz)
Address bits
Input Data Bus
Output Data Bus, HiZ except during read cycle and us_addr matches
one of the implemented register addresses. Note the core only imple-
ments 8-bit registers. For read accesses, byte wide register outputs are
copied to all four bytes of the sysbus interface.
us_ready
us_wr
us_ack
Input
Input
Output
1
1
1
Bus Cycle Enable (Active Low)
Write High/ Read Low
Bus Cycle Acknowledge
Global (These signals are buried inside the FPGA – do not replicate)
rst_n
input
1
Active Low Global Reset
1. N denotes instantiated channel number (0, 1, 2, 3).
Functional Description
Inbound Path
The inbound path monitors the inbound CSIX port and writes valid Cframes into control and data FIFOs. User
applications may access the stored Cframes via the two inbound Generic FIFO Bridge interfaces. Major functions
of inbound path include: distinguishing control and data Cframes, directing Cframe writes to the appropriate FIFO,
?ltering idle Cframes from the FIFOs, delineating stored Cframes with end-of-frame ?ags, checking horizontal and
vertical parity, and facilitating link-level ?ow control and backpressure.
The inbound core utilizes two FIFOs; one for data Cframes, the other for control Cframes. Each FIFO has program-
mable high and low watermarks. When the low watermark is asserted, the Generic FIFO Bridge bus is signaled
that a frame is available for reading. When the high watermark is asserted, a “nearly-full” signal is sent to the IP
core’s outbound path for ?ow control. In cases where a FIFO either under?ows or over?ows, a corresponding error
signal is sent to the register interface for storage.
An inbound write controller monitors the external CSIX port and writes CSIX data frames into one FIFO, and CSIX
control frames into another FIFO.
Horizontal and vertical parity are checked within the inbound data path. The checkers can be enabled via control
signals from the register interface. Any detected errors cause a corresponding error signal to be sent to the register
interface for storage.
There are three ?ow control mechanisms associated with the inbound path. The ?rst mechanism passes ready bits
from the CSIX interface to the Local_Data_Ready or Local_Control_Ready signals alongside the Generic FIFO
Bridge interface. These signals are directly connected to the CSIX ready bits at the second stage of the inbound
data pipeline, and therefore lag the external CSIX interface by two clock cycles. The local ready signals give user
applications direct access to the CSIX ready status without having to wait for the ready status to percolate through
the FIFOs.
The second mechanism is associated with the inbound FIFOs. If either FIFO passes its high watermark, a “nearly-
full” signal is passed to the outbound datapath. In turn, the outbound datapath will deassert the ready bits on the
next outbound frame, signaling a pause to the transmitting inbound network element. This mechanism prevents the
inbound FIFOs from over?owing.
The third mechanism is associated with the outbound FIFOs. If either outbound FIFO exceeds its high watermark,
a “nearly-full” signal is sent to the inbound datapath. In turn, the inbound datapath deasserts the associated local
5
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